Integrative
Higgins, 1988, students “even discuss what inadequacies they found in the computer program”
Kenning & Kenning, 1990, p. 90: “more central” (task, project)

• 1990’s - today

• Multimedia

  • CD ROM (text, graphics, sound, animation, video)

  • Hypermedia (non sequential navigation)

• Internet

  • Directly, inexpensive communication with peers and native speakers

  • 1-to-1 or many-to-many communication